In the terai region of eastern Nepal, the Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve protects 175 km2 (68 sq mi) of wetlands in the sunsari, saptari, and udayapur districts. It is located in the floodplain of the Saptakoshi River and consists of vast mudflats, reed beds, and freshwater marshes. Its elevation ranges from 75 to 81 meters (246 to 266 ft). It was started back in 1976.

HISTORY
In order to determine the severity of the dispute between park visitors and residents, an interview survey was carried out in the Paschim Kasuha VDC close to the reserve’s east side between 1997 and 1998. The research revealed that between September and February, wild boar and water buffalo were the main crop invaders. Cattle were observed grazing freely in large numbers inside the reserve. The reserve’s illegal river fishing, poaching, and use of forest products are all committed by locals.

The reserve and the Koshi Barrage were named two of Nepal’s 27 Important Bird Areas in 2005.

The Asian elephant, spotted deer, hog deer, wild boar, smooth-coated otter, and golden jackal are just a few of the 31 species of mammals that have been identified. The Koshi River has witnessed the Ganges river dolphin. The populations of gaur and blue bull have decreased. The region is home to the last 150 wild water buffalo left in Nepal. The most recent census, conducted in 2016, shows that this population has increased to a total of 432 inhabitants, with an annual growth rate of 7.27 percent. Authorities are considering moving some wild water buffaloes to the flood plains of Chitwan National Park, where they were exterminated in the 1950s, in light of this population boom. A natural Predator-Prey situation would arise if the proposed translocation were to take place.

The protected region is home to a broad variety of creatures. 200 species of fish have been found in its ponds and waterways, the majority of which are local species. There are two species of toad, nine species of frog, six species of lizard, five species of snake, and eleven species of turtle.

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KOSHI TAPPU WILDLIFE RESERVE

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